CS111 编程讲解 、辅导 C++程序语言
Homework 1 -- Evolution of C++
CS111 & EIE111 -- C++ Programming 2024 Spring
March. 06, 2024
The above picture, found on the Internet [1], shows the bicycle design evolving based on reasonable
ideas. Some practical or reasonable ideas should also drive the migration from C to C++. This project is
designed to explore the ideas of C++'s evolution.
I. Overview
C++ is designed to be more convenient than C, especially for programming scenarios involving
abstraction. Here, the word "abstraction" relates to other jargon, such as Abstract Data Type (ADT),
interface, encapsulation, data hiding, etc.
This project is based on possible customer requests to use music player devices. Such a music player
should satisfy the following conditions:
The device stores songs, while each song's information includes
title: name of the sone
authors: who wrote the song
actors: who performed the song
year: when was it published
media: the music content.
Each song has a different id in the device to distinguish it from other songs.
A song can be added to the device.
A song can be deleted from the device.
A song whose title contains certain words (as a substring) can be found.
A song with a specific ID number can be found
All the songs in the device can be played together individually.
The memory(storage) for the device can be cloned or replaced by some backup clone.
The storage of the device can be emptied.
The number of songs on the devices can be known.
A selected song can be copied (cloned)
A selected song can be played
A music player's interface exposes the above functions to a customer. However, quite some details of
the device should be hidden from a customer because customers commonly do not care about technical
details like the digital format of the media of a song or the memory structure of the device.
In this project, we will write three different versions of programs using C and C++ to experience the
advantages of C++ over C.
II Preparation
II.1 Prepare the coding software tools
Be sure that some recommended compilers for C and C++ are installed on your computer and can be
used at the command line. For more on the recommended compilers, see Appendix A. 2.
Be sure that a tool for using makefile is available. See Appendix A.3 for how to install and use such
a tool.
II.2 Study the provided code.
A file code.zip is provided. After unzipping it, its folder contains the following content:
The Compile_and_run folder contains the makefile and running records (screen records of running
executable files) for Windows or Mac.
The Utility folder contains the code for generally helpful tools, not just for the Music Player
program. It includes two groups of files.
util.h and util.c define some general tools, including the definition of a struct Bytes
describing a sequence of bytes. test_util.c is the testing file.
util2.h and util2.cpp implement a Bytes class for a similar purpose. test_util2.cpp is the
testing file.
The folder SongPlayer_v1 contains a C program specifying the interface using a common C style.
The folder SongPlayer_v2 contains a C program that specifies the interface using a class-like style.
The folder SongPlayer_v3 contains a C++ program that specify the interface using the C++ way.
III Tasks
Download code.zip and unzip it into some folder containing the provided program files.
There are 74 missing code parts, clearly marked as the 74 tasks. Do the tasks of providing the
missing code. These tasks should be done following the task numbers, from small to large. More
specifically, the tasks should be done in five sequential stages. Each stage should do the tasks in
some different files, compile the files to generate the corresponding executable files, and do the
debugging and testing. The following table lists each stage's program files and executable file
names.
stage
number
code files
executable file (.exe or
.out)
1 util.c test_util
2 song_player_v1.c test_v1
3 song_player_v2.h, song_player_v2.c test_v2
4 util2.h, util2.cpp test_util2
5
song_player_v3.h, song_player_v3.cpp,
test_song_player_v3.cpp
test_v3
Write the report file pjt1_report.docx .
Fill the Excel file pjt1_self_grading.xlsx .
Write the answers for the questions in the file pjt1_QA.docx
IV. Submission
At most, three students can form a group to submit the homework together. Group members can
share code and discuss the assignment sufficiently. But sharing between groups is not allowed.
Each group should do the work independently.
Only one member of the group should submit the homework files. Ensure the group members'
names and class info (EIE/CS D1/D2/D3) are mentioned in the report file.
It is perfectly ok to do the homework alone, i.e., a one-person group.
Upload your files at the webpage address of this homework on Moodle, including:
A .zip file made by compressing the whole coding folder. I.e., do all the programming in the
folder unzipped from code.zip and zip this folder as a .zip file.
pjt1_report.docx .
pjt1_self_grading.xlsx .
pjt1_QA.docx
Deadline: 11 pm, Saturday, April 6, 2024
Appendix
A.1: Knowledge coverage in this assignment
This project covers practicing a wide range of knowledge items of C and C++. Some knowledge items
that may not be familiar to a person who has learned C include:
1. Different ways of describing an interface (for program clients)
as a group of public functions declared in a .h file (C style)
as a struct which contains function pointers (C style)
as a class (C++ style).
3. Using C++ library container classes like string and vector .
4. The special class members
constructors (default constructor, copy constructor ...)
the destructor
5. Operator overloading: << [] += =
6. Using namespace.
7. Call C code in a C++ program.
8. Exception handling
9. Range-based for loop
10. Design issues of classes, like deep copying.
A.2: Some recommended compilers
On Windows:
gcc for C programs and g++ for C++ programs. MinGW provides these compilers.
Or, cl (provided by Visual Studio Community) for C and C++.
On Mac OS X and Linux
gcc for C programs and g++ for C++ programs.
A.3: How to use make and makefile
The make program is usually available on Mac OS or Linux. A similar tool recommended for Windows is
mingw32-make , provided after MinGW is installed. See [6] for more information on installing such a tool
on Windows.
A text file named makefile (case insensitive) records the needed rules for compiling a program. A rule
usually has the form:
goal: supporting file names
a command to generate the target
After make (or mingw32-make) is installed, we do the following to execute a compiling rule to generate a
target
- Step 1: at the command line, change the current folder to the one where the file named "makefile" is
located.
- Step 2: use the command:
make goal
The power of make is recursive. When executing a rule to reach or generate a goal, all the dependent
files described in the rule need to be available; when one of the supporting files is missing, other rules
for generating it will be executed...
For example, for this project, the following commands are possible:
make all : generate all the needed executable files depending on binary ( .o or .obj ) files.
make util.o : generate the file util.o
make test_util.exe : generate the file test_util.exe, and all the depending on binary files.
References
[1] "File: Bicycle evolution-fr.svg"
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Bicycle_evolution-fr.svg
[2] "C++ Primer Plus (Developer's Library)", 6th Edition, Stephen Prata, 2011, Addison-Wesley
Professional.
[3] "C Primer Plus, 6th Edition", 6th Edition, Stephen Prata, 2014, Addison-Wesley Professional.
[4] "cppreference.com reference"
https://cppreference.com
[5] "cplusplus.com reference"
https://cplusplus.com/reference/
[6] "How to Install and Use “Make” in Windows"
https://www.technewstoday.com/install-and-use-make-in-windows/