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Bioc0003 Capstone assessment 2024/25

Deadline and instructions for upload

The Bioc0003 capstone will be submitted via a Cadmus assignment that you access via moodle (like the formative essays). The deadline is 12noon on Tuesday 20th May.

Before starting to write your essay you should read the instructions in their entirety.

Choose a protein that you consider to be interesting; it can be from a mammalian, bacterial or viral source. You should choose a protein for which the encoding gene has been cloned and that can be expressed and purified in a recombinant form. Write an essay about your protein and include the following four sections (replace ‘protein X’ with the name of your protein):

1.Introduction to Protein X

In this section you should describe your protein of choice, giving details of its properties, biological roles and importance. Include information on the known structure and function of your protein, its properties, and biological relevance. You can discuss biological, medical or industrial applications also. You should write the introduction at a level that could be understood by a first year undergraduate. If terminology is used that is beyond our curriculum it must be clearly explained to your reader. We will expect there to be a diagram or some other relevant illustration in your introduction.

2. Cloning of the gene encoding protein X

We want you to describe how you would clone the coding sequence for your named protein, from a named organism. Assume that you have access to relevant cells/tissue, from that organism, and that these express your protein. You must start from the cellular sample and not use plasmids that already have the coding sequence within them or chemically synthesised DNA.

Describe the different experimental stages required to insert the relevant sequence into an expression vector. We do not need a precise methodology (eg details of how much enzyme and how long incubations last) but we do want you to show your understanding of the molecular mechanisms by describing all the relevant steps and their purpose. Include the cloning steps on a flow diagram (this can be combined with the flow diagram for part 3 if you wish.

If you are using ‘older’ research papers to give you ideas then some of the techniques may now be obsolete. We want you to consider the techniques discussed within Bioc0003 and use these as the basis for your answer.

3. Purification of protein X

In section 3 we are expecting you to use primary sources (i.e. peer reviewed original publications) to find details on a purification strategy for your protein. We then want you to explain the methodology that is described in the paper but we do not need fine details i.e. you do not need to tell me that 20 units of enzyme X were used and incubated at 37°C for 30 minutes. You should not give a prescriptive account of the methodology (i.e. not a ‘recipe’) but instead explain the principles behind each of the different techniques and illustrate the overall process with a flow diagram.

4. Characterisation of a novel homologue of protein X.

Assume that you have identified an uncharacterised homologue of your chosen protein; the two proteins only share 25% sequence identity. Assume that the novel protein can be purified using the method that you have already described in the previous section (you do not need to repeat this information here). Explain how you could characterise this novel protein using a biochemical, biophysical or computational method covered in the Bioc0003 lectures. Outline the question that your experiment would address and speculate as to what results you might expect to obtain. Your experiment should address a question that you consider to be important.

As you are characterising a novel and hypothetical protein you will have to think about how best to do this – higher marks will be given for clearly explained and innovative ideas. In choosing your experimental approach you should consider the most important or interesting characteristics of the protein that you have chosen. How might you test whether the novel homologous protein shares these properties or has other novel interesting properties or functions? In this section you should clearly explain the question that you will address, outline how you will perform. the experiment, speculate as to the possible outcomes of your experiment, and explain how you would interpret them.

Essay structure and formatting

You should use no more than 2200 words and remember that this is an essay question NOT a short answer question; you need to structure your answer using a stepwise style. to introduce and explain concepts. Use headings as suggested above for each separate section.

You can use diagrams in your answer. If these are taken directly from a published source then you should reference this. You should write a legend for each figure (use your own words and don’t copy directly from any source) but we will not include the words in the overall word count. You should also list the references used throughout your essay using the style. explained below. We are expecting you to use textbooks and scientific publications not web sources. Where possible use modern references over older ones and our expectation is that you can successfully complete this assignment with a maximum of ten sources.  The reference list is not included in the word count.

Referencing style.:

When listing your references, you should use the Vancouver style. to cite your sources. References cited in the text must be given in numerical order and with the number in square brackets, in-line with the text i.e. not super- or sub-scripts e.g. [1], [2] etc. In the reference list you will place the references cited in number order.

Books

Author, initial, Book Title, Edition, Place of publication, publisher, date of publication

Papers:

Single author

Other AN (2009) The sky is blue. J. of Sky Colour. 4:12-14.

Two authors

Other AN and Friend B (2006) Is the sky blue? J. of Sky Colour. 1:28-32.

If there are more than six authors follow the sixth name with et al.

Other AN, Friend B,  Smith C, Li J, Shephard E and Taylor A et al (2007) Is the sky blue? J. of Sky Colour. 1:28-32.

Note: The following are given in the reference examples above.

Author surname and initials

Year of publication

Journal Title

Volume (in bold)

Page numbers (these are the numbers that follow the colon e.g. 28-32 )

Do NOT use webpages as the only source to substantiate a statement you have made


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