E2
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Should quantitative and qualitative
methods be combined when designing research?
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1. No, because the different
epistemological assumptions underlying quantitative and
qualitative approaches create irreconcilable philosophical
contradictions in research design
2. Yes, because combining
methods always produces more robust findings than using either approach alone, regardless of
the research question
3. Yes,when the research question requires both breadth and depth of understanding, and the
methods are integrated in ways that acknowledge their distinct contributions while maintaining philosophical coherence
4. Yes, but only when qualitative methods are used in a
preliminary phase to generate hypotheses that can then be tested quantitatively
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Option 3 correctly captures the nuanced position that mixed methods can be
appropriate, but their combination must be justified by the research questions and
implemented thoughtfully. The other options represent common misconceptions: Option 1 takes an overly rigid stance. Option B makes an unsupported universal claim about the
superiority of mixed methods, when some research questions are better addressed through a single approach. Option 4
incorrectly relegates qualitative methods to a preliminary role, ignoring their potential for
explanation, triangulation, or expansion of quantitative findings. The key is that
methodological choices should be driven by research questions and purposes, with mixed
methods employed when their integration adds value and can be philosophically
justified.
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